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Alizia Kamani

Working paper: Extra-European Return Diplomacy

Working paper: Extra-European Return Diplomacy

Authors: Frowin Rausis & Sandra Lavenex This working paper offers a conceptual and empirical investigation of Intergovernmental Return Frameworks as a central instrument of extra-European return diplomacy. Conceptually, it advances…

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400 225 News & Resources
Policy Brief: Return Diplomacy in Practice

Policy Brief: Return Diplomacy in Practice

Authors: Frowin Rausis & Sandra Lavenex This policy brief presents recommendations for the EU and EU+ states negotiating Intergovernmental Return Frameworks (IRFs) with non-European states. Negotiation processes on return are…

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400 225 News & Resources
Policy Brief: Breaking New Ground: Perspectives for fundamental rights monitoring in return

Policy Brief: Breaking New Ground: Perspectives for fundamental rights monitoring in return

November 2025 - by Alexis McLean, ICMPD Monitoring is essential to ensuring that return procedures uphold Europe’s human rights commitments and remain accountable to public scrutiny. The FAiR Policy Brief…

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400 225 News & Resources
Video: What happens when a migrant is forced to return to their country but cannot?

Video: What happens when a migrant is forced to return to their country but cannot?

What happens when return isn’t possible? Across Europe, thousands of people live in legal limbo, unable to go back, but not allowed to stay. This short video explores how civil…

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400 225 News & Resources
Video: What is legal limbo?

Video: What is legal limbo?

What happens when a person cannot stay in a country - but also cannot leave it? This video tells the story of Mr. Changu, a man from Tanzania who lived…

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